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Risk of Complications Using Laryngeal Mask Airway vs - TCU Harris

Risk of Complications Using Laryngeal Mask Airway vs - TCU Harris 2025

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The document is a narrative review comparing the risks of complications associated with using laryngeal mask airways (LMAs) versus endotracheal tubes (ETTs) during general anesthesia in pediatric patients with upper respiratory infections (URIs). It highlights that LMAs are associated with a lower risk of respiratory complications compared to ETTs, suggesting their preference for use in children with URIs undergoing surgery. Additionally, it introduces an Upper Respiratory Infection Screening Tool and a Management Algorithm to assist anesthesia professionals in assessing risks and making informed decisions regarding airway management in these patients.

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What are the disadvantages of laryngeal mask airway?

They may stimulate the gag reflex and, therefore, should not be used in a conscious or awake patient. Contraindications to elective use include poor pulmonary compliance, high airway resistance, pharyngeal pathology, risk for aspiration, and/or airway obstruction below the larynx.

What are the limitations of laryngeal mask airway?

A disadvantage with use of the LMA is the inability to use airway pressures greater than approximately 20 mm Hg to prevent air leaking around the mask and to avoid gastric distention, and therefore it is not an optimal airway device in patients with severe subglottic airway obstruction, parenchymal disease requiring

Which is better laryngeal mask airway or tracheal intubation?

First, the technique for placement varies; inserting an LMA is generally quicker and requires less training than endotracheal intubation. However, the ETT provides superior protection against aspiration and is often preferred in high-risk surgical environments or in patients with compromised airways.

What is one of the complications when using the LMA as the advanced airway device?

Complications from LMA use can be categorized into mechanical, traumatic, and pathophysiologic. Mechanical complications relate to the technical performance as an airway device and include failed insertion (0.3%4%), ineffective seal (

What is the main disadvantage of the LMA?

The major disadvantage to LMA devices is that it does not protect the airway from aspiration. Given that most patients in the ED will have full stomachs, LMAs are considered only a temporizing measure until a definitive airway is secured (i.e cuffed ETT in trachea).

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What are the major limitations of using a laryngeal mask airway?

In most patients the autonomic response to placement is less pronounced than with laryngoscopy and intubation. On the other hand, the device does not fully protect against aspiration in the setting of a full stomach. In addition, it may not be effective in patients with glottic or subglottic pathology.

When would you not use an LMA?

The most common contraindications to LMA placement include patients at risk of aspiration such as during pregnancy, trauma, pre-existing gastroparesis, intestinal obstruction, or emergency surgery in nonfasted patients.

What is the risk of aspiration with a laryngeal mask airway?

The incidence of aspiration with the LMA has been estimated at 0.02%,3 which is similar to tracheal intubation in elective patients.

Risk of Complications Using Laryngeal Mask Airway vs - TCU Harris 2025

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What are the disadvantages of laryngeal mask airway?

What are the limitations of laryngeal mask airway?

Which is better laryngeal mask airway or tracheal intubation?

What is one of the complications when using the LMA as the advanced airway device?

What is the main disadvantage of the LMA?

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What are the major limitations of using a laryngeal mask airway?

When would you not use an LMA?

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