Boyce-Codd Normal Forms - Hampden-Sydney College 2025

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  1. Click ‘Get Form’ to open the Boyce-Codd Normal Forms document in the editor.
  2. Begin by reviewing the definitions provided for Third Normal Form and Boyce-Codd Normal Form. Familiarize yourself with key concepts such as transitive dependence and superkeys.
  3. Fill in any required fields related to your understanding of the examples given, such as identifying candidate keys from the provided tables.
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BoyceCodd normal form (BCNF or 3.5NF) is a normal form used in database normalization. It is a slightly stricter version of the third normal form (3NF). By using BCNF, a database will remove all redundancies based on functional dependencies.
If a table is in 1NF and every non-key attribute is fully dependent on the primary key, then it is in 2NF. If a table is in 2NF and has no transitive dependencies, it is in 3NF. If a table is in 3NF and every non-prime attribute fully dependent on the candidate keys, then it is in BCNF.
The difference between 3NF and BCNF is that BCNF is a stricter version of 3NF, and all the relations that follow the rules of BCNF will be 3NF also, but not vice versa. In 3NF, the transitive dependency should not be present, while in BCNF, for any relation, C D, C should be a super key of the relation.
BCNF Rules Every determinant of the relation must be functionally dependent on all its attributes. There should be no non-trivial functional dependencies between the attributes of the relation, where non-trivial means that the dependent attribute is not a subset of any candidate key.
BCNF is a stronger form of normalization than 3NF because it eliminates the second condition for 3NF, which allowed the right side of the FD to be a prime attribute. Thus, every left side of an FD in a table must be a superkey. Every table that is BCNF is also 3NF, 2NF, and 1NF, by the previous definitions.

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Explanation. Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF) is a higher form of normalization that ensures there are no anomalies in the database. BCNF is stricter than 3NF, and any relation in BCNF is also in 1NF, 2NF, and 3NF.
BCNF is stricter than 3NF and addresses cases where dependencies exist on candidate keys. While 3NF removes transitive dependencies, it may still allow redundancy if a functional dependency has a determinant that is not a superkey.
Definition of third normal form Codds definition states that a relation R is in 3NF if and only if it is in second normal form (2NF) and every non-prime attribute of R is non-transitively dependent on each candidate key. A non-prime attribute of R is an attribute that does not belong to any candidate key of R.

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