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Principles of chromatographyStationary phase (article)Khan

Principles of chromatographyStationary phase (article)Khan 2025

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The document provides a comprehensive overview of Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS), detailing its operational principles, including the roles of mobile and stationary phases, sample characteristics affecting retention times, and detection methods. It emphasizes the sensitivity and precision of GC-MS in separating and identifying chemical compounds, particularly through mass spectrometry. The document also outlines practical instructions for conducting experiments using GC-MS, including sample preparation, data acquisition, and analysis techniques. Additionally, it discusses fragmentation patterns in mass spectrometry and the use of the NIST library for molecular identification.

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What do you mean by chromatography?

Chromatography is a process for separating components of a mixture. To get the process started, the mixture is dissolved in a substance called the mobile phase, which carries it through a second substance called the stationary phase.

What does the stationary phase act as in chromatography?

In normal phase chromatography, the stationary phase is polar, usually using silica. The mobile phase is nonpolar, using hexane or chloroform. Compounds with greater polarity elute later in the chromatogram and those with the least polarity elute earlier.

What is the stationary phase of chromatography principle?

The stationary phase remains fixed in place while the mobile phase carries the components of the mixture through the medium being used. The stationary phase acts as a constraint on many of the components in a mixture, slowing them down to move slower than the mobile phase.

What is polarity in chromatography?

The polarity is the molecular property that allows to evaluate how and with which intensity one molecule attracts another (molecular interactions), and thus to choose the solvent of a sample but also the chromatographic conditions for the purification.

What is the principle of stationary phase?

Just to refresh our memories, normal phase thin layer chromatography is performed on a piece of glass plate that is coated with a thin layer of silica. Here, silica acts as the stationary phase and the solvent in which the plate is dipped and that runs up the plate by capillary action is the mobile phase.

What is the stationary phase in chromatography?

The main idea of stationary phase methods relies on the cancellation of sinusoids with rapidly varying phase. If many sinusoids have the same phase and they are added together, they will add constructively.

What is the difference between mobile phase and stationary phase?

The stationary phase is the phase that doesnt move and the mobile phase is the phase that does move. The mobile phase moves through the stationary phase picking up the compounds to be tested. As the mobile phase continues to travel through the stationary phase it takes the compounds with it.

Principles of chromatographyStationary phase (article)Khan 2025

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