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Field Guide to Western Atlantic Coral Diseases - Coral Disease and - cdhc noaa

Field Guide to Western Atlantic Coral Diseases - Coral Disease and - cdhc noaa 2025

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The Western Atlantic Coral Disease Identification Field Guide provides standardized nomenclature and diagnostic criteria for identifying coral diseases, developed by the Coral Disease and Health Consortium. It outlines a three-tiered approach for disease naming and diagnosis, including Level 1 (gross field signs), Level II (histological examination), and Level III (laboratory tests). The guide details various coral diseases, such as white band disease, white patch disease, black band disease, and others, describing their symptoms, progression, and potential causes. It serves as a practical tool for divers to assess coral health through visual observations and systematic diagnostics.

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What are the 4 main types of coral reefs?

Scientists generally agree on four different coral reef classifications: fringing reefs, barrier reefs, atolls, and patch reefs. Fringing reefs grow near the coastline around islands and continents. They are separated from the shore by narrow, shallow lagoons. Fringing reefs are the most common type of reef.

How are NOAA biologists responding to the ongoing outbreak of coral disease off the coast of Florida?

Probiotic Experiments. Scientists are testing the theory that probiotics may bolster coral resistance and recovery. Researchers with the Smithsonian and the University of Florida are using healthy corals taken from Florida waters to develop probiotics that could slow or prevent disease progression.

What diseases can coral cure?

Many organisms found on reefs produce chemical compounds that have been used in treatments for cardiovascular diseases, ulcers, leukemia, lymphoma, and skin cancer, and many more remain undiscovered. More than half of all new cancer drug research focuses on marine organisms, many of which can be found on coral reefs.

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What is the Antonius black band disease?

Black band disease was first observed on reefs in Belize in 1973 by A. Antonius, who described the pathogen he found infecting corals as Oscillatoria membranacea, one of the cyanobacteria.

What are the different types of coral diseases?

Black-band disease, discolored spots, red-band disease, and yellow-blotch/band disease appear as discolored bands, spots or lesions on the surface of the coral. Over time, these progress across or expand over the corals surface consuming the living tissue and leaving the stark white coral skeleton in their wake.

What is the disease caused by corals?

Black Necrosing Syndrome is a fungal disease that leads to the death of clumps of tissues on gorgonian corals. Black band disease impacts a variety of coral species, and is caused by cyanobacteria that degenerates the tissues of the coral skeleton. Brown band disease is brought about by infections caused by protozoa.

What is the leading cause of coral death?

Change in ocean temperature Increased ocean temperature caused by climate change is the leading cause of coral bleaching.

What three factors are identified as major causes of coral reef disease?

Research has shown that increases in water temperature, nutrient (sewage) input, storm water runoff and turbidity or sedimentation are contributing factors to coral disease.

Field Guide to Western Atlantic Coral Diseases - Coral Disease and - cdhc noaa 2025

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