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Phonological similarity effects in simple and - Princeton University - princeton

Phonological similarity effects in simple and - Princeton University - princeton 2025

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The document presents three experiments investigating the effects of phonological similarity on simple and complex memory span tasks. The findings reveal that while simple span tasks exhibit a classic phonological similarity decrement, complex span tasks show phonological similarity facilitation when lists consist of rhyming words. This suggests that phonological similarity serves as a retrieval cue in complex tasks, whereas it leads to confusion in simple tasks. The results indicate that the mechanisms underlying memory retrieval differ between task types, with complex span relying more on cue-driven retrieval processes.

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What is an example of the phonological similarity effect?

The phonological similarity effect is also present when words are used as memoranda, and similarity is operationalized as phoneme overlapfor example, cat, fad, pan, map, as compared to bar, kid, sun, toe (Baddeley, 1966)and it remains for similar items even when they are interleaved with dissimilar items (Baddeley,

What is the phonological similarity effect Baddeley 1966?

The best studied example of this phenomenon is the phonological similarity effect (Baddeley, 1966), in which phonologically similar list items are confused more often than phonologically dissimilar items. This similarity effect is of critical importance for our understanding of WM.

What is the phonemic similarity effect?

For example, the phonological similarity effect refers to the observation that remembering lists of similar-sounding words (e.g., bat, ran, rat, pat, pan) is impaired relative to lists of words with more distinct sounds (e.g., clock, bird, bus, tree, kite), specifically when order must be maintained (Baddeley, 1968;

What is the phonological similarity facilitation effect?

The phonological similarity effect, which refers to the finding that phonologically dissimilar lists of stimuli are recalled better than phonologically similar lists, is considered a classic finding in short-term memory research and has been reliably demonstrated in simple span tasks and other tasks that require

What is the similarity effect in cognitive psychology?

Definition. The phonological similarity effect refers to the phenomenon where items that sound similar are more difficult to remember and recall than items that sound distinct from one another.