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The document presents a cross-cultural study examining the influence of culture on preferences for high-arousal positivity (HAP) and low-arousal positivity (LAP) among Americans and Hong Kong Chinese. Utilizing eye-tracking technology, the research investigates gaze patterns and self-reported ideal affect preferences, hypothesizing that Americans favor HAP while Hong Kong Chinese prefer LAP. Results indicate significant cultural differences in fixation durations and choice preferences, with Americans showing a stronger preference for HAP expressions. The findings suggest that cultural norms shape emotional goals and behaviors, highlighting the importance of understanding these differences in contexts such as mental health care and marketing.

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What is high-arousal positive?

High-arousal positive emotion is a more active emotional state than low arousal. Therefore, those who experienced high-arousal positive emotions showed high TST performance because they could more easily remember active memories.

What is hap and lap?

and elation can be described as high-arousal positive (HAP) states, and calm, peacefulness, and serenity can be described as. low-arousal positive (LAP) states.1. In psychology, most research has focused on peoples actual. affect, or the affective states that people actually feel in general.

Can affect be good and bad?

Affect is both a trait and a state, and it can have one of two valences, positive or negative. PA is characterized by joy and high levels of energy, concentration, enthusiasm, and alertness, whereas NA is characterized by distress, anger, contempt, and nervousness or fear (Watson et al., 1988).

What are high arousal positive states?

High arousal positive emotions refer to affective states associated with increased action readiness and behavioral activation (Bradley Lang, 2007; Harmon-Jones et al., 2013; Lowe, 2011), such as feelings of elatedness, excitement and surprise.

What are examples of heightened arousal?

These include high temperatures, crowding, pain, loud noises, violent movies, bad odors, and cigarette smoke. In each case, these factors produce heightened levels of arousal and the likelihood of increased aggression.

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What are high arousal positive states?

What is the difference between ideal and actual affect?

Actual affect involves the affective states people truly experience whereas ideal affect involves the states people would prefer to experience (Tsai, 2007).

What is an elevated state of arousal?

When arousal levels are increased, it relieves boredom, increases alertness, and improves performance. However, when arousal levels become too high, it can result in nervousness, increased heart rate, stress, and decreased performance.

What is an example of a positive affect?

Positive affectivity refers to positive emotions and expression, including cheerfulness, pride, enthusiasm, energy, and joy. Negative affectivity is negative emotions and expression, which includes sadness, disgust, lethargy, fear, and distress.

What is a high state of arousal?

High activation or arousal is characterized by feelings of energy for pleasurable states (e.g., excitement), or tension for unpleasant states (e.g., fear). These can be distinguished from low arousal states such as calmness and depression.

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What is high-arousal positive?

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What are high arousal positive states?

What is the difference between ideal and actual affect?

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