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To accomplish this displacement titration, a small amount of Mg2+ will be mixed with the EDTA solution. The EDTA-‐Mg mixture will titrate the unknown Ca2+ solution. At the end point, Mg2+ will be released from the EBT indicator and complexed with EDTA, causing the color change from red to blue.
Part-B-Determination of Total Hardness Fill the burette with std.Na2 EDTA Solution. Pipette out 25 ml water sample. Add 12 drops of EBT indicator and 5 ml Buffer solution (pH=10) Titrate it till Wine Red to sky blue. Note down the Constant Burette Reading(CBR=Yml)
The hardness of water is estimated by simple titration of ethylene diamine tetraacetate (EDTA) solution. EDTA forms stable complexes with the metal ions present in the hard water since stability constants of calcium and magnesium complexes of EDTA are different, even the selective estimation of these ions is possible.
Calculations: 50 ml of standard hard water = V1 ml of EDTA. 50 x 1mg of CaCO3 = V1 ml of EDTA 1ml of EDTA = 50/V1 mg of CaCO3 eq. 50 ml of given hard water = V2 ml of EDTA.
As a result, when the calcium ionPR complex is titrated with EDTA the Ca2+ ions react to form a stronger complex with the EDTA. For the titration, the indicator is added to the sample solution containing the calcium ions and forms the pink/red calcium ion-indicator complex (Ca-PR).
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The amount of hardness is expressed in milligrams per litre (mg/L) or grains per gallon (gpg) as calcium carbonate. Hardness is calculated from the equation Hardness = 2.497 (Ca) + 4.118 (Mg). Therefore, fluctuations in the magnesium pool affect hardness stronger than do calcium fluctuations.
(a) Total hardness (i) Take 25 or 50 ml or well mixed sample in a conical flask (ii) Then add 1 to 2 ml buffer solution followed by 1 ml inhibitor (iii) Add a pinch of Eriochrome black T and titrate with standard EDTA (0.01M) till wine red colour changes to blue, then note down the volume of EDTA required (A) .

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