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start today we continue the studies of zero dimensional objects and last time we studied Coulomb blockade and mostly in single electron transistors and now we continue with quantum dots and the foundation for quantum dots is very similar Coulomb blockade is still very relevant important but quantum dots are different because another energy scale quantum confinement energy so like in atoms orbitals and so on is also comparable to the charging energies and larger than and temperature for example so then if thatamp;#39;s the case we talked about quantum dots and quantum dots come in a variety of shapes and forms from something thatamp;#39;s not so far from real atoms like single molecules or you can attach gold electrodes to single molecules and observe quantum dot behavior in in such structures to self-assembled structures where you grow one semiconductor on top of the other and it forms these clumps familiar to you already from previous lectures quantum dots defined by gates in two-di
